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Most residential and commercial properties choose mortise or cylindrical locks for their reliability and versatility. Yet, while they share a common goal of safeguarding properties, their design, installation, and application differ.
This article will provide a clear, side-by-side comparison of mortise locks and cylindrical locks, and expert guidance on choosing the right lock for your needs.
What is a Mortise Lock?
Mortise locks are robust locking systems that require a pocket to be cut into the door where the lock is fitted. Because they offer enhanced durability, they’re often used in commercial buildings that require a high level of security, such as educational institutions, healthcare facilities, and high-traffic public buildings.
What Components are Inside a Mortise Lock?
A mortise lock consists of a lock case and an integral latch bolt, which are installed in the door’s mortise cut-out.
The lock features an operable trim, which can vary from levers or knobs to handle sets. Typically, roses or escutcheon plates are placed behind the trim to strengthen the area around the latch or deadbolt. Only the lock front needs to be removed to get the cylinder for re-keying.
The quality and performance of mortise locks are governed by the Standard ANSI/BHMA A156.13-2022. This standard ensures that mortise locks undergo extensive testing, including operational, strength, security, cycle tests, and evaluations of materials and finishes, to meet high standards of security and durability.
How to Install a Mortise Lock?
Installing a mortise lock involves cutting a mortise in the door edge for the lock body and drilling holes for trim and cylinders. The exact process depends on the specific lock functions, as face preps and latch bolt locations aren’t universally standard across manufacturers.
What are the Costs of a Mortise Lock?
Mortise locks are more expensive than cylindrical locks because of their precise cutting and fitting. To get an accurate price range, it’s best to consider your specific requirements and consult with a professional.
Mortise Locks: Pros and Cons
Pros:
- High durability and security standards
- A variety of design and finish options
- Integrated deadbolts provide enhanced door security and integrity
- Ideal for heavy-use commercial settings
- Long life-span
Cons:
- Higher cost compared to cylindrical locks
- More complex installation process
- Non-standardized, requiring specific guidelines for each lock type
What is a Cylindrical Lock?
Cylindrical locks are the most common lock types, popular for their simplicity and easy installation process. They’re largely used in residential and commercial areas because of their versatility and range of security levels.
What Components are Inside a Cylindrical Lock?
A cylindrical lock includes a lock chassis, a separate latch bolt, and an operable trim with roses behind the trim.
In keyed versions of these locks, the cylinder is built into the handle or knob. For example, in a lever handle lock, the cylinder is integrated into the handle. This design means that for re-keying, the entire lock assembly needs to be removed to access the cylinder.
These locks adhere to the Standard ANSI/BHMA A156.2, which sets the requirements for bored and preassembled locks and latches. Bored locks involve drilling a hole in the door to fit the lock chassis and another for the latch bolt. Preassembled locks, on the other hand, are complete units installed as a single piece. Both types of cylindrical locks are manufactured to high standards of operational strength, security, and durability.
How to Install a Cylindrical Lock?
To install a cylindrical lock, first drill a cylindrical hole in the door for the lock chassis. Then, prepare a separate area for the latch bolt. This process aligns with most standard door preparations, making it a universal fit for many doors.
What are the Costs of a Cylindrical Lock?
While it tends to be cheaper to install cylindrical locks, the cost varies depending on their grades and features.
Grade 1 locks, designed for high-traffic or heavy-use areas, are typically the most expensive. Grade 2 locks for moderate-traffic areas are priced moderately. Grade 3 locks, used in residential settings, are usually the most affordable. Additionally, features like electronic access or enhanced security can also influence the final pricing.
Cylindrical Locks: Pros and Cons
Pros:
- Less expensive than mortise locks.
- Wide variety of lock functions.
- Available in different grades for different traffic levels and security needs.
- Option to add a separate deadbolt for extra security.
- Easier to install and replace.
Cons:
- Less durable and security standards compared to mortise locks.
- Limited applications for separate deadbolt and lockset combinations.
Key Differences Between Mortise Lock vs Cylindrical Lock
Installation Complexity
Mortise locks require a precise cut in the door, making installation more complex. The installation process also involves extra steps to set up the lock function or change the handling. Moreover, since there is no standard template between manufacturers, installations must follow specific guidelines for each lock type.
On the other hand, cylindrical locks have simpler bore-hole requirements and are therefore easier to install. They generally fit universal door prep, making them a popular choice for DIY installation projects.
Durability and Lifespan
Mortise locks are more durable and resistant to high traffic and use while cylindrical locks may not match its robustness. Mortise locks usually have a longer lifespan, as they are built to withstand heavy wear, which is perfect for entrance doors or commercial use.
Security Levels
Mortise locks are more secure because of their design and build, such as integrated deadbolts for extra security. Their intricate design helps prevent forced entry attempts, making them ideal for high-security areas.
Cylindrical locks have different security levels and may need additional deadbolts for extra protection. These locks are more adaptable but don’t inherently offer the same level of security as mortise locks, especially in high-risk environments.
Pricing
Mortise locks are more expensive upfront due to their higher security and complexity, while cylindrical locks are more budget-friendly.
Initial Costs
Mortise locks have higher initial costs, including the lock itself and the professional installation. Cylindrical locks are a more cost-effective choice for budget-conscious individuals.
Installation Fees
Installation fees are typically higher for mortise locks, as the process requires specialized expertise and a more complex installation process. Cylindrical locks come with lower installation costs and are sometimes DIY-able, further reducing expenses.
Long-Term Maintenance Costs
Mortise locks have lower long-term maintenance costs due to their durability and longer lifespan. They require fewer maintenance expenses over time. Conversely, cylindrical locks may need more frequent maintenance, increasing long-term expenses.
Expert Opinion: How CY Trading Can Guide Your Lock Selection
Deciding between a mortise lock or cylinder lock? CY Trading is at your service.
A trusted industry leader since 1973, CY Trading offers unparalleled expertise in lock solutions. We provide an impressive selection of ANSI and UL certified locks that can be customized to meet your demands.
Our top-quality mortise locks include the D200-A6401-US3, D300-X7001-US3, and D300- X7150 — all designed to provide superior security and durability.
D200-A6401-US3 is an ANSI Grade 3 lock case crafted from solid forged brass with a stainless steel case and case cap. For enhanced security, D300-X7001-US3 is ANSI Grade 1 with a stainless steel interior and steel case and case cap. Part of the XA series lock case, D300- X7150 is ANSI Grade 3 certified and specially design for electronic use also ideal for commercial use.
Contact us for expert guidance on lock selection.